Schanz Pin Specification, Uses, Sizes and Surgical Techniques.

Schanz Pin

Schanz Pin is a metallic rod with pointed threads at one end and other end fashioned to fix into an attachment device.

Schanz Pins are available in various Types, lengths and diameters.
Types: Self Tapping, Self Drilling, Tapered Threaded
Diameters: 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm
Lengths: 60 mm to 300 mm

Schanz Pin Self Drilling has been specifically designed to optimise the bone/pin interface to reduce the occurrence of pin-tract related complications in external fixation.

The unique design of Schanz Pin Self Drilling reduces heat generation and insertion torque while improving pullout resistance in cortical and cancellous bone

Schanz Pin Self Tapping / Self Drilling Sizes

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4 x 20 x 80 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4 x 30 x 100 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4 x 40 x 125 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4 x 40 x 150 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4 x 40 x 175 mm

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 20 x 60 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 20 x 80 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 30 x 100 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 40 x 125 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 40 x 150 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5 x 40 x 175 mm

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 30 x 100 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 40 x 125 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 60 x 150 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 60 x 175 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 80 x 200 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.0 x 80 x 250 mm

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 30 x 100 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 40 x 125 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 60 x 150 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 60 x 175 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 80 x 200 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 5.5 x 80 x 250 mm

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 30 x 100 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 40 x 125 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 60 x 150 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 60 x 175 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 80 x 200 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6 x 80 x 250 mm

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6.5 x 80 x 200 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6.5 x 80 x 225 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6.5 x 80 x 250 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6.5 x 90 x 275 mm
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6.5 x 100 x 300 mm

Schanz Pin Tapered Threaded Sizes

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 20 x 80
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 20 x 100

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 30 x 100
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 30 x 120
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 30 x 140

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 40 x 120
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 40 x 140
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 4.5-3.5 x 40 x 160

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 30 x 100
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 30 x 120
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 30 x 140
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 30 x 160

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 40 x 140
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 40 x 160
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 40 x 180
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 40 x 200

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 50 x 160
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 50 x 180
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 50 x 200
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 50 x 220

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 60 x 180
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 60 x 200
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 60 x 220
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 60 x 240

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 70 x 200
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 70 x 220
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 70 x 240

Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 80 x 220
Dia x Thread Length x Total Length = 6-5 x 80 x 250

Schanz Pin Indications for Use

Schanz Pin is intended for use with an external fixation system for fracture fixation (open or closed); pseudoarthrosis or nonunion of long bones; limb lengthening by epiphyseal or metaphyseal distraction; correction of bony or soft tissue deformity; correction of segmental bony or soft tissue deformity; correction of segmental bony or soft tissue defects; and joint arthrodesis.

The chosen diameter of the Schanz Pin depends on the system that is selected for a particular fracture and on the bone size. For example, for a tibial fracture, Schanz Pin with a diameter of 5 mm are used (2.5 mm Kirschner wires or threaded pins are used for the small fixator).

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins

Surgical approach to the tibia with Schanz Pin

The soft tissue zone through which Schanz Pins can be inserted without damaging important structures (vessels, nerves, muscles and tendons) is anteromedial to the tibia. The angles of this safe zone vary.

If the lateral surface of the distal third of the tibia is avoided, damage to the anterior tibial artery can be avoided.

If the ventral zone of the distal tibia is avoided, interference with the tendons can also be avoided.

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins Tibia

Surgical approach to the femur with Schanz Pin

A lateral approach to the femur within a 30° angle is recommended. A medial approach is also possible from a distal direction.

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins Femur

Surgical approach to the pelvis with Schanz Pin

There are two recommended options for pin placement of the external fixation assembly in the pelvis.

Supraacetabular pin placement
Given the pronounced bone structure, the more technically difficult supraacetabular pin placement is preferred over that of the iliac crest. Proceeding from the superior anterior crest, the site of entry is approximately 4–6 cm in a caudal direction, and 3–4 cm in a medial direction.
When the patient is in a supine position, the alignment for drilling the Pins is angled approximately 20° in a cranial direction and 30° inward.

Iliac crest pin placement
Precaution: To keep from damaging the femoral cutaneous nerve, avoid insertion up to 15 mm in a dorsal direction from the superior anterior iliac
spine.

The orientation of the os ilium can be determined by palpation with a finger or an additional instrument. The Pins are then inserted delicately between the two laminae of the os ilium.

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins Plevis

Approach to the humerus with Schanz Pin

Distally, a dorsal approach to the humerus is appropriate.
Precautions: When dealing with the humerus, primary consideration should be given to the radial and axillary nerves. Distally, a dorsal approach to the humerus is appropriate. Proximally, it is recommendable to introduce the Schanz Pins from a ventrolateral direction, caudal to the path of the axillary nerve.

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins Humerus

Technique for the placement of Schanz Pin into bone using minimal radiologic control

The insertion of Schanz Pin into the bone during external-fixation procedures in trauma and elective orthopaedic surgery is usually done under röentgenologic control. In order to minimize irradiation exposure for the patients, as well as surgeons, we describe a simple method of Schanz Pin placement. The röentgenologic control of the position of the half-pins is only necessary at the beginning and the end of the procedure. This technique is simple, shortens the operating time and reduces the amount of radiation exposure to both the patient and surgeon. It is a valuable technique in many resource-poor environments who do not have the facilities for an image intensifier fluoroscopy or C-arm as well as in austere situations such as during military operations.

Schanz Pin Contraindications

Contraindications may be qualified or total, and need to be taken into consideration when evaluating the prognosis in each case. Alternative management techniques may need to be considered under the following conditions:

Acute or chronic infections, either local or systemic.
Local or systemic accurate or chronic inflammation.
Serve muscular, nervous or vascular disease endangering the affected area.
Defective bone structures, which would impede adequate anchoring of the implant.
All associated diseases which could endanger the function and success of the implant.

Warnings and Precautionary for Schanz Pin

Before using Schanz Pin, the surgeon and ancillary staff should study the safety information in these instructions, as well as any product-specific information in the product description, surgical procedures and/or brochures.

Schanz Pins are made from surgical grade 316L Stainless Steel and are designed, constructed and produced with utmost care. These quality Schanz Pin assure best working results provided they are used in the proper manner. Therefore, the following instructions for use and safety recommendations must be observed.

Improper use of this instrument can lead to damage to the tissue, premature wear, destruction of the instruments and injury to the operator, patients or other persons.

It is vital for the operating surgeon to take an active role in the medical management of their patients. The surgeon should thoroughly understand all aspects of the surgical procedure and instruments including their limitations. Care in appropriate selection and proper use of surgical instruments is the responsibility of the surgeon and the surgical team. Adequate surgical training should be completed before use of Schanz Pins.

Factors which could impair the success of the operation:

Allergies to implanted materials.
Localized bone tumours.
Osteoporosis or osteomalacia.
System disease and metabolic disturbances.
Alcohol and drug abuse.
Physical activities involving excessive shocks, whereby the implant is exposed to blows and/or excessive loading.
Patients who are mentally unable to understand and comply with the doctor’s instructions.
Poor general health.

Possible Adverse Effects

The following adverse effects are the most common resulting from implantation:

Loosening of the implant, which may result from cyclic loading of the fixation site and/or tissue reaction of the implant.
Early and late infection.
Further bone fracture resulting from unusual stress or weakened bone substance.
Temporary or chronic neural damage resulting from pressure or hematomata.
Wound hematomas and delayed wound healing.
Vascular disease including venal thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cardiac arrest.
Heterotopic ossification.
Pain and discomfort due to presence of the implant.
Mechanical failure of the implant, including bending, loosening or breakage.
Migration of implant resulting in injury.

Preoperative Planning for Schanz Pins

The operating planning is carried out following a thorough clinical evaluation of the patient, Also, x-rays must be taken to allow a clear indication of the bony anatomy and associated deformities. At the time of the operation, the corresponding implantation instruments in addition to a complete set of implants must be available.

The clinician should discuss with the patient the possible risks and complications associated with the use of Schanz Pin. It is important to determine pre-operatively whether the patient is allergic to any of the implant materials. Also, the patient needs to be informed that the performance of the device cannot be guaranteed as complications can affect the life expectancy of the device.

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